Soil chemistry is a branch of soil science that deals with the chemical composition, chemical reactions and chemical properties in soils. Explain the basic principles in measuring cation exchange capacity, pH, electrical conductivity and redox potential in soils, and the interpretation of their values.Describe the importance of redox reactions in nutrient dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions.Describe the causes of soil salinity, major characteristics of saline, saline-sodic and sodic soils and reclamation of salt-affected soils.Discuss the causes of soil acidity and alkalinity, characteristics of strongly acidic and alkaline soils, and their effect on plant growth.Define cation exchange capacity, explain the importance of cation exchange and anion adsorption, and identify the factors influencing ion exchange in soils.Explain the influence of soil minerals on soil properties.Describe and compare the structures, charge development, and properties of organic and inorganic soil colloids.Define and describe the importance of the major soil chemical properties in sustaining life on Earth.On completion of this chapter, students will be able to: